Monday, February 22, 2010

Boston Terrier Dog Breed Profile

BOSTON TERRIER Breed Profile

Description: The Boston Terrier is a small, compact, muscular dog. It weighs between 17 and 25 pounds and is 15 to 17 inches at the shoulder. The Boston Terrier has a short, neat coat colored in seal, brindle, or black with white markings. This dog has a square head with medium-sized upright ears. The tail is naturally short and does not need to be docked. This is a very intelligent and sensitive breed and can be trained easily. Happily, this dog can live for 15 years or longer. It is also called the Boston Bull or the Boston Bull Terrier.

History: Not many dogs originated in the United States, but the Boston is one of them. The Boston Terrier was much larger to start, up to 45 pounds, and was used in pit dog fighting. It was developed originally as a cross between the English White Terrier (extinct) and the Old English Bulldog. This activity was left behind when Robert Hooper of Boston, bred the fighting dog with the amiable French Bulldog. The dog's size diminished and its disposition improved with further selective breeding.

Temperament: The Boston Terrier is a very gentle and amiable dog that makes an excellent companion. The Boston is very affectionate and loves to take part in all family activities. It gets along well with children, but should be supervised when around very young children. Other dogs and family pets are accepted by the Boston. It is an alert dog and is a good watchdog. The Boston is an enthusiastic dog and has a good sense of humor.

Health Issues: As the Boston Terrier is a short-faced (brachycephalic) breed, breathing problems and heat stress should always be borne in mind. This dog will snore and can suffer from reverse snoring, a snort attack. This condition is harmless, but sometimes alarming to the owner. The trachea is sometimes narrow, which can contribute to these problems. The Boston can also suffer from kneecap problems and heart disease. Skin tumors are common in this dog. The puppies must often be delivered by caesarean section because of the size of the pup's head.

Grooming: Because the Boston Terrier has a short coat, grooming is simple. A weekly brushing will keep the coat glossy and control shedding. Do not bathe this dog too often. The eyes should be examined and cleaned every day as should the facial wrinkles. If the Boston has been playing outside, check the dog for ticks.

Living Conditions: The Boston Terrier is a house and lap dog. It is an excellent companion and needs to be close to the human friends with whom it has bonded. Although they are playful, the Boston Terrier is not rambunctious inside. It identifies with the family and should be a part of the household. It cannot live outside, in any case. As this dog is fairly lively, it does benefit from a daily walk to help burn off excess energy. Remember to suspend the walks during hot weather.

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Pomeranian Dog Breed Profile

Description: The Pomeranian is a small Spitz dog weighing between 3 and 7 pounds, and measuring 7 to 12 inches at the withers. The Pomeranian has a long, fluffy coat that can be found in many color varieties such as orange, cream, black, red, spotted, and white. This dog carries its plume-like tail flat on its back. Pomeranians have a short, pointed muzzle, and small, upright pointed ears. This is a confident and active toy dog. The Pomeranian has a delicate body structure. The Pomeranian is also known as the Dwarf Spitz, Pom, or Loulou.

History: Ancient Spitz herding dogs led to the toy dog we know today as the Pomeranian. Originally utilized as sled dogs in Lapland, these Spitz dogs were brought to Pomerania, now part of Poland and Germany, in the 16th century. This early progenitor was considerably larger than today's dog and weighed 30 pounds or more. Mozart and Marie Antoinette kept Pomeranians, but it was Queen Victoria of England who was responsibly for breeding the dogs down to a smaller size. These small Pomeranians became very popular and the breed was officially recognized in 1900.

Temperament: The Pomeranian is a merry and lively dog. It is even-tempered and makes an excellent companion. Pomeranians are very affectionate and attached to their human family. This is an intelligent, trainable dog that also serves as a good watchdog. They do tend to bark quite a bit, though, so should be taught to be more restrained from the start. Since the Pomeranian is such a tiny dog, it is not a good choice as a pet for small children. There is generally no problem with older children or adults.

Health Issues: A major health problem with Pomeranians concerns the breed's high propensity for tooth decay. This can lead to heart or kidney ailments. It is best to feed Poms dry dog food and provide chews that help clean the teeth. Although they do not usually suffer from hip dysplasia, Pomeranians can experience problems with their knee caps, which can shift out of place, causing the affected leg to become stiff. The Pomeranian can develop eye conditions such as cataracts or entropion. The trachea can sometimes collapse, which is a serious condition. The Pomeranian can live for 16 years or more.

Grooming: Since the Pomeranian has a very thick double coat and sheds heavily, it is important to brush the dog daily. The fur can easily become matted otherwise. It is best to use a dry shampoo on the Pomeranian to preserve the dog's coat oils. The owner should clean the ears and eyes every day to help prevent infections. While a daily brushing of the teeth can help prevent decay, a veterinarian should clean the teeth on a regular basis.

Living Conditions: The Pomeranian makes an excellent companion for indoor living. The dog will play and exercise itself in an apartment or house, but the Pom will enjoy and occasional walk or play session outside. While these dogs are not clingy, they definitely enjoy being around their family. They must be kept inside, and are not suitable for outdoor living.

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Cocker Spaniel Dog Breed Profile

Description: The Cocker Spaniel is a dog of small to medium size. The dog will stand between 14 and 16 inches at the withers, and weigh between 15 and 30 pounds regardless of sex. This dog has a long, silky coat, and the colors include red, black, beige, black and tan, and parti-colored. The tail of the Cocker is docked. It is an active dog, that enjoys exercise. This dog breed can live for 15 years or more.

History: The Cocker Spaniel is a fairly old breed dating back to the 1300s in Spain and England. The Cocker was used as a hunting dog first in Spain (where it originated) and then in England. At that time, the size of puppies from a single litter could vary greatly, with the smaller ones being used as ladies' lap dogs and the larger ones for hunting. The name Cocker refers to the dog's use as a hunter of woodcocks. As time went on and the dog made its way to America, it became a breed separate from its immediate parent, the English Cocker Spaniel. The hunting instincts bred into the Cocker from the beginning are still present, but it is used mostly as a companion dog now.

Temperament: The Cocker Spaniel makes a reliable, gentle companion. This is an enthusiastic dog that enjoys the company of its human family. It is good with people of all ages and aggression should never be a problem. In fact, if fault could be found with the character of the Cocker Spaniel, it would be that it can tend to shyness. This can be overcome by introducing it to more people and animals. To remain sound and happy, the Spaniel requires plenty of attention and affection.

Health Issues: Although generally healthy, the Cocker Spaniel can be subject to several health issues, one of which is very serious. The most life-threatening is Immune Mediated Hemolytic Anemia, which causes severe blood loss as the immune system destroys the blood. It can sometimes be treated medically. The Cocker can also develop cataracts and entropion. It can suffer from hip dysplasia and problems with a shifting kneecap.

Grooming: The long coat of the Cocker Spaniel requires daily grooming to prevent matting. The owner should brush out the coat every day, and the dog can be bathed fairly often. The long ears can encourage infections, so these should be cleaned and dried every day. If desired, the coat can be clipped to a more manageable length. The eyes of this dog are sensitive and should be cleansed with a damp cloth.

Living Conditions: The Cocker Spaniel should live in the house with its family. This dog is not suited for life in an outdoor kennel, physically or mentally. The Spaniel enjoys the company of humans and wants to interact with them. It is playful, but not rambunctious, in the house and can also serve as a watchdog. Apartment living is fine for the Cocker as long as it gets exercise in the form of walks or play sessions every day.

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Doberman Pinscher Profile

Description: The Doberman Pinscher is an agile, active dog. The dog will be 26 to 28 inches at the shoulder, with the bitch 2 inches less. Depending on the sex, the Doberman will weigh between 60 and 88 pounds. The Doberman Pinscher has a short, hard coat that can be black with tan markings, black, red, blue, or fawn. The ears are usually cropped, then taped so that they will stand upright. The tail is ordinarily docked. The Doberman is a very fast dog with great stamina. It is an extremely intelligent dog and is easily trainable. This dog can live to be 15 to 20 years old. The Doberman is also called the Dobe.

History: This breed owes its origins to a German tax collector called Karl Louis Doberman. He needed a dog to protect him when he carried sums of money through dangerous regions. Doberman was also in charge of a dog pound and used some of the inmates there in his breeding program. Because he was particularly fond of the way the Miniature Pinscher looked, he used it to develop the physical standard of the breed. By 1876, the Doberman Pinscher appeared in its first dog show.

Temperament: Many people regard the Doberman Pinscher as an aggressive dog. It is true that there can be considerable variation as far as temperament goes within the breed. The Doberman Pinscher bonds strongly with its human family and needs to interact with them. Because it is a large, strong dog, the Doberman needs a firm master. The humans in the family must be dominant over it. It is recommended that the Doberman be socialized both with children and other dogs.

Health Issues: A major source of health concern in this breed is congenital heart disease. The Doberman can also suffer from Von Willebrand's Disease (a form of hemophilia), and any dog considered for breeding should be tested for this terrible condition. As with most larger breeds, the Doberman can develop hip dysplasia. Wobbler Syndrome, which causes an erratic and wobbly gait, can sometimes be treated with medication. Stomach torsion, or bloat, is also a concern in the Doberman.

Grooming: Being possessed of a short coat that does not shed excessively, the Doberman Pinscher is an easy dog to groom. The dog benefits from a weekly brushing, but frequent baths are unnecessary. The dog's nails should be kept short and the teeth should be brushed regularly.

Living Conditions: The Doberman Pinscher needs to be with its human family. It bonds closely with them and suffers mentally if separated from them. The Doberman is not only protective of those it cares for, it wants to interact with them at all times. This dog should not be kept outdoors, not only for psychological factors, but also because it is not tolerant of the cold. An important thing to remember is that this dog has a very high energy level and needs a good deal of exercise every day. The Doberman will be a docile companion in an apartment as long as it gets enough exercise.

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Rottweiler Dog Breed Profile

Description: The Rottweiler is a large, muscular dog that weighs between 80 and 130 pounds. The Rottweiler dog stands 24 to 27 inches at the withers, and the bitch will usually be 22 to 25 inches. The Rottweiler has a strong, broad head with a scissors bite. The body is deep and powerful. The usual coat color for the Rottweiler is black with tan markings on the face, muzzle, chest, and legs. A lighter color variation occurs, red with brown accents, occurs more rarely. The Rottweiler has a life span of 10 to 12 years. It is also called the Butchers Dog.

History: The history of the Rottweiler is rather fascinating as it extends back to the days of the Roman Empire. The Roman legionnaires had to travel with large herds of cattle to feed themselves while they were on campaign, and the progenitor of the Rottweiler was used to herd the cattle. One of the legion's stops was the town of Rottweil in Germany and it was here that the Roman dogs bred with the local dogs. Many of the dogs stayed behind when the legions moved and breeders in the town developed the breed. Later, Rottweilers were used by butchers to protect and herd cattle. When railroads came into being, the breed nearly died out from lack of purpose, but the Rottweiler soon found new work as a police, guard, or draught dog.

Temperament: A well-bred Rottweiler is generally a calm and loyal dog. It is extremely loyal, affectionate, and protective of its human family. The dog's owner must be dominant, the Rottweiler must be subordinate to its master. Unfortunately, careless breeding, poor socialization, and lack of exercise or work can lead to an unstable and aggressive dog. The Rottweiler is good with its owner's children, but should be closely supervised around other children.

Health Issues: Hip and elbow dysplasia are major health concerns with the Rottweiler. It can also suffer from eye problems and spinal paralysis. The popularity of the Rottweiler has caused too much inbreeding and, besides issues of mental stability, has caused an increase in heart disease and cancer. Stomach torsion, or bloat, can occur in this breed, as it can in almost any large dog. This calls for immediate veterinary treatment. The Rottweiler is able to free whelp easily and will often produce litters of 10 to 12 puppies.

Grooming: The hard coat of the Rottweiler can shed quite a bit, so an occasional brushing will help to control this situation. The Rottweiler tends to slobber and drool, so the muzzle should be wiped when necessary. Be sure to pay attention to the ears to keep them clean and dry.

Living Conditions: As the Rottweiler is a fairly quiet dog inside, it can live in an apartment. However, it must be given sufficient exercise or work. This dog began as a working dog and needs the mental and physical stimulation of a "job" to maintain its stability. The Rottweiler enjoys being near the people it loves, but is capable of living and sleeping outside as long as an adequate dog house is provided for it.

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German Shorthaired Pointer Dog Breed Profile

Description: The German Shorthaired Pointer is a medium sized hunting dog with a slender, athletic build. The dog is 23 to 25 inches at the shoulder with the bitch 2 inches less. This dog ranges in weight from 45 to 70 pounds. The German Short haired Pointer has a short coat with a rough texture. The coat of this dog is liver (dark brown) and white, liver, or liver roan. The tail is generally docked. The German Short haired Pointer has a life span of 12 to 15 years. It is used as both a hunting dog and as a companion.

History: It is likely that the arrival of the Spanish Pointer in Germany during the 17th century led to the development of the German Shorthaired Pointer. The details regarding the exact breeds used is not available, but it is thought that the Foxhound, Hounds of St. Hubert, and even the English Pointer were used with the foundation stock. The search was for a dog that could hunt over most terrains, but would also serve as a reliable and good-natured companion. The AKC recognized the German Short haired Pointer in 1930.

Temperament: The German Shorthaired Pointer is renowned for its good disposition. It is intelligent and can be trained easily. This dog wants to be close to its human family and is very affectionate and loyal to them. The German Short haired Pointer is fine around children, but because of its active nature would probably be better suited for older children. It is protective of those it loves and is a very good companion dog.

Health Issues: The German Shorthaired Pointer is basically a healthy, sturdy dog, but can suffer from some hereditary problems. The most serious is Von Willebrand's Disease (a form of hemophilia) and bloat, which must be treated immediately by a veterinarian. Hip dysplasia can also occur as can entropion of the eye. Epilepsy can sometimes be present in this dog. The German Short haired Pointer can rarely suffer from heart problems.

Grooming: As the German Shorthaired Pointer has a short, smooth coat, grooming this breed is easy. An occasional brushing will suffice, but care should be taken to examine its feet for injuries when it has been outside. The pendant ears will increase susceptibility to ear infections, so they should be kept clean and dry. If the German Short haired Pointer has been hunting, it should be examined for ticks or other parasites, and dried off if it has become wet.

Living Conditions: While the German Shorthaired Pointer is a friendly and loving dog, it is probably happiest with an active family. This dog should not be kept in an apartment, it is simply too energetic to be content there. The owner should be aware that the German Short haired Pointer will be able to jump over a 6' fence, so even a large, fenced yard may not be secure. Involving the dog with family activities such as jogging, bicycling, or hunting is a good way to keep it happy and healthy.

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Shetland Sheepdog Breed Profile

Description: The Shetland Sheepdog is a small dog that stands approximately 13 to 16 at the withers. It will weigh between 14 and 26 pounds, depending on the dog's sex. Also known as the Sheltie, it has a double coat consisting of long, roughish hairs over a shorter, softer undercoat. The head of the Shetland Sheepdog is wedge-shaped, tapering to the nose. The ears are what is called 3/4 erect, with the tips folded down. The most usual coat color is sable, but blue-black, tan and white, and black and white are also common. The Shetland Sheep dog usually lives for 12 to 15 years.

History: Although many people consider that the Shetland Sheepdog looks like a miniature Rough-Haired Collie, it is actually descended from the Border Collie. Taken to the island of Shetland, the Border Collie was bred with a dog called the Icelandic Yakkin, which is extinct. The Collie was also bred into the dog to produce the Sheltie, which was recognizable as a breed by the early 18th century. The flocks of sheep on the Shetland Islands needed a guard and herding dog and the Shetland Sheepdog filled this task admirably.

Temperament: The Shetland Sheepdog is a gently, docile dog that makes an excellent and loyal companion to its human family. As the Shetland Sheep dog was developed as a herding and guard dog, it still manifests these qualities for its human friends, and will prove to be a good watchdog, alerting the family with barks if a stranger comes to the house. The Sheltie is a kind dog that does very well with children. A word of caution would be that because this dog is small, it might be inadvertently injured if children were too rough with it.

Health Issues: The most frequently seen problem in the Shetland Sheepdog is the possibility of diseases or structural malformation of the eyes. Another serious problem is Von Willebrand's Disease, a type of hemophilia. Unlike other breeds, in which an affected dog can often live a normal life span, a Sheltie with this condition will generally succumb to it at an early age. Hip dysplasia is found in this breed as are problems with the kneecap.

Grooming: It would probably be considered that, given the long coat of the Shetland Sheepdog, that a great deal of time would be involved in grooming this dog. Surprisingly, the coat only needs to be brushed once a week, except during the spring and fall sheds. The Shetland Sheepdog should only be bathed when it is absolutely necessary. The toenails should be kept short, and attention should be paid to make sure the hair between the toes does not grow too long.

Living Conditions: The Shetland Sheepdog is an intelligent, loyal little dog that wants to be near its human friends. It is a dog that requires a good deal of exercise, so an active family is best. A large yard is probably best for the Sheltie, giving it ample space for play and running. This dog can live in an apartment as long as its owner gives it sufficient opportunity for exercise.

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Great Dane Dog Breed Profile

Description: The Great Dane is a majestic, giant dog. The dog can reach 30 to 34 at the shoulder and weigh between 110 and 200 pounds. The bitch, as is usually the case, is smaller, being 28 to 32 tall at the withers and weighing between 100 to 130 pounds. The coat is short and shiny and comes in brindle, fawn, harlequin, blue, black, and mantle. This is a very strong and powerful dog. The Great Dane's ears are often cropped to make them stand upright, but can be left natural. This breed generally lives under 10 years. It is also known as the German Mastiff and the Deutsche Dogge.

History: References to the Great Dane can be found on ancient Greek coins. An even earlier appearance occurs in drawings from 3000BC from Egypt. The Dane's origins are more reliably traced to the invasion of Germany by the Alans in 407AD. These people brought a strong, mastiff-like dog with them. This dog was superlative in hunting boar and other large and dangerous game. Interbreeding with the English Mastiff and Irish Wolfhound, and possibly the Greyhound resulted in the dog known today as the Great Dane.

Temperament: Despite the Great Dane's large size, it is a good natured and gentle dog and is suited to living in the house with its family. The Dane is very oriented towards people and is kind with children, although it may be too big for a small child to play with comfortably. This dog is loyal to its family and makes a good watchdog. It should be socialized with other dogs and pets while young.

Health Issues: A very serious problem with the Great Dane is heart disease. This often shortens the life of this breed considerably. Hip dysplasia is also present, as with most large dogs. Care must be taken to keep the Dane inactive after eating to help prevent stomach torsion, or bloat. Because the Dane grows so quickly, the puppy must be restricted in its activities in order to prevent injury to the bones. Running should not be allowed in young dogs, they should be given daily walks for exercise instead.

Grooming: Being a short-haired breed, the Great Dane does not require extensive grooming. The dog can be brushed weekly to keep the coat clean and free of dead hair. It is often recommended that the Dane be given a dry shampooing, as giving this giant dog a wet bath can be a project in itself. Make sure the Great Dane's nails are kept short and if the dog has natural ears, keep them dry and clean.

Living Conditions: Although the Great Dane is a very large dog, it should be kept close to its human family. This dog loves to interact with those it loves and will suffer if kept tied up in the yard. The Dane needs to be exercised every day, it requires long walks and a chance to run freely if this is possible. This dog can live in an apartment as long as its exercise needs are met.

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Siberian Husky Dog Breed Profile

Description: The Siberian Husky is a well muscled, medium sized dog. The dog will be between 21 to 23 at the shoulder, with the bitch an inch less. This dog weighs between 45 and 60 pounds for the male and 35 to 50 for the female. The Husky has a very thick double coat of medium length, which protects it from cold. The most common coat colors are black and white, grey and white, white, reddish and white, and silver. The ears are erect and furry. The eyes of the Siberian husky can be bi-eyed, where one eye is blue and the other brown, or parti-eyed, where each eye is half blue and half brown. This dog has an average life span of 12 to 15 years. It is also called Sibe or Husky.

History: For hundreds of years, the Siberian Husky was a working dog for the Chukchi tribe of Siberia. Fur traders were responsible for bringing the Siberian Husky to Alaska to participate in sled dog races. The Siberian Husky gained fame during a terrible diphtheria outbreak in 1908. As this occurred during the winter and access to remote villages was nearly difficult, the Siberian Husky was used to take medicine to afflicted populations. This dog was used by Admiral Byrd in his explorations in Antarctica.

Temperament: The Siberian Husky is a dog that enjoys being around its human family as much as possible. It is a gentle dog, but has in independent outlook on life. They are friendly and relaxed and wants to interact with its family as much as possible. This dog has a very strong hunting instinct, so care should be taken with cats and other small household pets. As the Husky is a dog that loves to be active, it can become destructive if it becomes bored through inactivity. It is often suggested that keeping two of these dogs will prevent this negative behavior.

Health Issues: The Siberian Husky is basically a tough, healthy dog, but can be subject to several health problems. The most common concerns the eyes, where the dog can develop cataracts or progressive retinal atrophy (which will eventually lead to blindness). Dogs used in sled racing can become ill with bronchitis. Fortunately, hip dysplasia is relatively rare in this breed.

Grooming: The Siberian Husky sheds heavily, so some attention should be paid to grooming this dog. It should be brushed twice a week year round, but every day when it molts its coat twice during the year. Extra care should be given to the feet if the dog is used for sled racing, to make sure there is no build up of ice between the toes.

Living Conditions: The Siberian Husky is most comfortable living in a cooler climate. This dog is devoted to its human family and will be happy living indoors as long as its need for exercise is met. It is especially suitable for families that enjoy taking part in outdoor winter activities. The Husky can easily live outdoors in the most rigorous climate, being able to tolerate temperatures of -76F.

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Cavalier King Charles Dog Breed Profile

Description: The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is considered a toy dog. This dog stands 13 to 18 inches at the withers and weighs between 10 and 18 pounds. The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel has a long, silky coat with feathering on the legs, tail, and ears. The coat comes in four colors: Blenheim, ruby, tricolor, and black and tan. Although the tail of the Cavalier is usually left its natural length, it is sometimes docked by one third. This dog can have a life span of 9 to fourteen years. It is also called the Ruby Spaniel or the Blenheim Spaniel.

History: King Charles II of England is most closely associated with the Spaniel that bears his name. Even as a child, he was surrounded by this breed of dog. After he attained the throne, he promoted the breed and allowed the little dogs the run of the palace. It is said that the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel even whelped on the royal bed. This small dog is present in art from the 16th to 18th centuries and was used to help attract fleas as well as its duties as a comforter dog. Breeding with the Pug produced a shorter faced dog, the King Charles Spaniel. However, an American fancier Roswell Eldridge, bred the breed back to the more original dog and recreated the Cavalier.

Temperament: The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is exclusively a companion dog, despite its old Spaniel hunting instincts. It is a very affectionate and happy little dog that thrives when given attention by its human friends. This is a very playful dog that wants to please those around it. The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is an excellent companion for anyone and is trustworthy and gentle with children. It loves to cuddle and bonds strongly to its family.

Health Issues: Although the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is a fairly healthy toy breed, it can suffer from a variety of inherited health problems. One of the most serious problems is mitral valve heart disease, which begins as a heart murmur and can become worse as time goes on. Another serious condition is syringomyelia, in which cysts will form on the spinal column. This can be a painful condition for the dog. The potential owner of this engaging little dog would be well advised to make sure the dog is purchased from a reputable breeder who has followed intelligent breeding practices.

Grooming: Since the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel has such a long coat, it is important to keep it well groomed. The dog should be brushed every day to prevent matting and the hair on the feet should be kept trimmed, especially around the toe and foot pads. The long ears should be checked regularly and kept clean and dry to prevent infections. Pay some attention to the eyes, too, to make sure they remain infection free.

Living Conditions: The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is a house dog. It cannot live in an outside situation, either physically or mentally. This little dog needs to be around people as much of the time as possible. The dog will adapt its exercise needs to its owner, so it is suitable for both active and inactive lifestyles. Regardless of the owner's exercise needs, however, the dog does need a walk every day. It is very suitable for living in an apartment.

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